Production of Micro- and Nanofibrillated Cellulose through an Aqueous Counter Collision System Followed by Ultrasound: Effect of Mechanical Pretreatments

Production of Micro- and Nanofibrillated Cellulose through an Aqueous Counter Collision System Followed by Ultrasound: Effect of Mechanical Pretreatments

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The purpose of this work was the production of cellulose micro-nanofibrils from wood pulps through a combination of mechanical treatments, including a recently patented process, a so-called aqueous counter collision (ACC) method followed by ultrasound treatment.Previously to ACC process, the raw pulp materials had to be downscaled to micro-sized dimension, due w insta saree to the limits of collision jets nozzle diameter.Therefore, the softwood and hardwood pulps were mechanically pre-treated with valley beater refining or dry ball milling.Optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and gravimetric yield were estimated, to evaluate the effect of mechanical pretreatments on the easton speed comp -13 proposed integrated fibrillation process.The characterizations indicated that valley beater as mechanical pretreatment was found to be more efficient compared to ball milling, of producing cellulose micro-nanofibrils in compliance with the proposed experimental procedure.